Plane



Jan. 22, 1929. 1,699,988

' w- PQTTER PLANE Filed Dec. 23, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR ATIOR 4 Jan. 22, 1929.

ammwmmum M W. POTTER PLANE Filed Dec. 23, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVE TOR VVzZZm/m/ olir,

ATI'ORN Patented Jan. 22, 1929.

UNITED STAT WILLIAM POTTER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

PLANE.

Application filed December 23, 1926. Serial No. 156,536.

This invention relates to planes and particularly to devices of this class of the dado type; and the object of the invention is to provide a plane of the class specified, comprising a main plane body and a supplemental plane body movable with respect to the main plane body and functioningas a guide plate, a portion of the supplemental plane body being adapted to be positioned in common alinement with portions of the main plane body in desired uses of the plane: a further object being to provide means for moving the lower face of the supplemental plane body relatively to the lower face of the main plane body; a further object being to provide means for moving the supplemental plane body laterally with respect to the main plane body, means being employed for retaining the parts in desired positions of adjustment; a further object being to provide a depth gage adjustably supported in connection with the main plane body and by means of which the depth of the cut is controlled and regulated; a further object being to provide an adjustable and detachable spur arranged forwardly of the cutter and cooperating therewith in the operation of the plane; a further object being to provide means for preventing lateral movement or displacement of the lower end portion of the cutter tool when mounted in the main plane body; and with these and other objects in view, the invention consists in a plane of the class and for the purpose specified, which is simple in construction and operation, ellicient in use, and which is constructed as hereinafter described and claimed.

The invention is fully disclosed in the following specification, of which the accompanying drawing forms a part, in which the separate parts of my improvement are desig nated by suitable reference characters in each of the views, and in which 2- Fig. 1 is a side view of a plane, made according to my invention, with parts of the construction broken away and in section.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the plane seen in Fig. 1, with parts of the construction broken awa and in section.

Fig. 3 is a section on the line 33 of Fig. 1 and on an enlarged scale.

Fig. 4 is a section on the line l4 of Fig. 1.

Fig. .5 is a of the tool. I Fig. 6 is a view'similar to Fig. 1 but showing the opposite side of the plane.

Figs. 7 and 8 are views similar to Fig. 6 but showing only a part of the construction, andwith parts in different positions; and, Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 1 but showing only a part of the construction and on an enlarged scale.

In carrying my invention into eflfect. I provide a main planebody 5 and a supplemental plane body 6. In the construction shown, the main plane body 5 comprises an elongated plate, the lower end portions 5 of which is enlarged to form a comparatively wide bearing or plane face 5". Said end portion is provided with spaced recesses 5 to receive enlarged members 6 at the lower end of the supplemental body 6 as clearly seen in Fig. 1 of the drawing; while the memview, showing amodified use bers 5 formed by the recesses 5 are adapted to fit within the recesses 6" formed between the members 6 when the main and supplemental body portions are brought into juxtaposition. v

Forwardly of the center of the main plane body 5,is a large recess which opens through the lower face of the plane, in which the cutter 7 and spur 8 are mounted. The rear end of the main plane body is provided with an upwardly and backwardly directed handle member 9. Centrally of the top portion of the plane is an enlarged part 5 which may serve to couple the end portions of the body or constitute an integral part of the main body as may be desired. The part 5 extends downwardly at one side of the plane as seen at 5' The cutter 7 or the cutting edge thereof is of the same or slightly greater width than the width of the bearing face. 5" of the main body 5 as well as the bearing face 6 of the supplemental body 6, so that in the operation of the plane, the entire stock of the main I and supplemental body below the part 5 is free to enter the groove cut into the workpiece when the main and supplemental bodies are in closed position. The cutter 7 is held in position by the usual wedge or look member 10 and the rearface of the lower end of the cutter 7 is grooved to receive the end of a screw or pin 11 which retains the cutter against lateral displacement in the operation of the plane. The screw 11 is mounted in one of the members 5 as seen in Fig. 1 of the drawing.

The spur 8 is arranged forwardly of the cutter 7 and in a vertical aperture extending through the main body 5 and is formed from a tool rod, the lower end of which is drilled to provide a bore 8 therein and cut transversely as seen at- 8 to form spaced beveled spurs 8, note Fig. 4 of the drawing. The distance between the spurs will be the same as the width of the cutting edge of the cutter 7, and these spurs extend slightly below the cutter and 01 erate to perfori'n the usual function. The spur 8 is retained in position by a clamp block 12 which passes through the extension 5 the outer end of the block having a threaded stud 13 on which a nut 14 is mounted to draw the block into position to firmly support the spur in desired position in the main body 5 or the part 5 thereof.

At one side of the body 5, and adjacent the spur 8 is a depth gage rod 15, the lower end of which is slightly hook-shaped in form and provided with a beveled face 17 which serves to throw the shavings outwardly in the operation of the plane. The depth gage bar 15 is held in different positions of adjustment by a clamp 18 which extends through the body 5 or the part 5 thereof, and is locked in position by a screw 19.

Pivotally mounted on pins 20, at each end of the main body 5 and arranged at one side face thereof are levers 21, both of which are of the same general construction, and thus, only one of these devices will be specifically described, and the references will apply to both. The free ends of the levers 21 are forked to provide two recesses 22, and three members 23, 24 and 25, the member 23 being outer, while the member 24 is intermediate and forms the recesses 22.

Gage screws 26are fixed to the supplemental body 6 at the opposite ends thereof and pass through elongated apertures 27 in the main body 5 and through apertures in the members 23, 24 and 25. Other fork-shaped members 28 are mounted in the recesses 22 of the levers 21, and the screws 26 also pass through said members as clearly seen in Fig. 3 of the drawing. Operating rods 29 are in threaded engagement with the members 28 and adapted to cooperate withthe intermediate members or bars 24: of the levers 21 to retain the parts in given position of adjustment. Said rods extend upwardly above the top of the plane or the body 5 thereof, and the upper end portions cooperate with grooved blocks 80 on one side face of the body 5, said blocks having three grooves or recesses as seen in Fig. 2 of the drawing, whereby the supplemental body 6 may be supported with its lower face 6 in alinement with the lower face 5 and also supported with said face slightly below the face 5 or at a greater distance than that first named, if desired, especially in the use of the supplemental body 6 as a guide plate in the operation of the plane as seen in Fig. 3 of the drawing.

In the operation of raising and lowering thesupplem ental body 6, it will be understood that as the rods 29 are swung longitudinally of the plane of the body 5, and by virtue of the snug engagement of the members 28 with the walls of the receses 22, said members 28 cause the levers 21 to be raised or lowered, thus correspondingly raising or lowering the screws 26, and the supplemental body 6 carried thereby. The compa 'atively wide bearing of the screws 26 in the levers 21 and members 28 will permit of free adjustment and yet rigid support of the parts, it being understood that the rods 29, when screwed firmly in position, act to bind and prevent movement of the levers 21, the members 28 being drawn upwardly, and the levers 21 forced downwardly on screws 26 in this position.

The outer faces of the levers 21 have a pair of projecting members 81 which project a distance equal to the width of the lower bearing faces 5 and 6 and function in this manner as gages to control the setting of the several parts of the plane in the use thereof. In gaging the width of a groove to be out in a work piece, the full width of the groove may be regulated by the adjustment of the nuts 32 away from the outer faces of the projections 81, and the adjustment away from said outer faces, plus the width of said projecting members will give the full width of the groove. Adj ustment nuts 32 are mounted on the screws 26 to retain the supplemental body 6 in predetermined positions of outward adjustment, said nuts cooperating with the projecting members 81, and lock nuts 33 employed to retain the nuts 32 in predetermined positions of adjustment. ft preferred that the threads of the screws 26, which may also be termed threaded rods, are sixteen threads to the inch. In this way each revolution of the nuts 82 will ust the body of an inch, and the fractions of this dimension may be accordingly arranged in the fractional adjustments in each revolution, for example, one half revolution will give a of an inch adjustment.

I also employ a lock or set screw 3a which is in threaded engagement with the part 5 or the extension 5 and engages the inner face of the body 6 to hold said body outwardly againstthe screws 32, as will be apparent.

The operation of my improved tool will be readily understood from the foregoing description when taken in connection with the accompanying drawing and the following statement. Let it be assumed that the bodies 5 and 6 are in the position shown in Figs. 2 and 3 of the drawing, in which position, the lower face 6 of the body 6 is slightly below the lower face 5 of the body 5, and the body 6 is at a desired distance from the body 5. The tool may be used, when in this position, to cut the first groove adjacent one edge of a workpiece as indicated in Fig. 3 of the drawing, the supplemental body or guide plate operating on one edge of the workpiece 35, while the body 5 is operated upon one side face of the workpiece to form the groove 36 therein in the operation of the spur and cutter. The depth of the groove 36 formed in the workpiece will be governed by the gage 15. However, in making the initial cut in a Workpiece, the plane may be guided by a guide strip attached to one face of the workpiece,

and in this operation, the bodies 5 and 6 are brought together.

In bringing the bodies 5 and 6 together, from the position shown in Fig. 3 of the drawing, the screw 34 is first released and moved outwardly to such a degree as to bring the end thereof within the inner face of the body 5, after which the rods 29 are released by their rotation to permit the free passage of the screws 26 through the levers 21 and members 28. Said rods are swung outwardly to raise the body 6 to bring the surfaces 5 and 6 in common alinement, after which the body 6 is moved into abut-ting relation on the body 5 and with the members 6 in the recesses 5 and the-members 5 in the recesses 6". The nuts 3233 are then moved inwardly to secure the parts in position, and the rods 29, which also function as set screws, are tightened to retain the bodies 5 and 6 against relative movement. In cutting numerous grooves in a workpiece, all of the same depth, and at spaced intervals after one groove'has been formed, the supplemental body 6 may be adjusted outwardly by means of the screws 32 to form the proper spacing on the grooves of the workpiece. In starting the initial cut of the second groove, the bod-y 6 is preferably dropped a slight degree or fully, as may be desired in the manner seen in Fig. 8 of the drawing, and then afterwards, raised into common alinement with the body 5 in completing the newly formed groove. It will also be understood that one groove may be cut wider than an adjacent groove by means of the adjustment employed. As previously stated, the depths of the grooves may be varied. In the above described adjustments of the body 6 by the movement of the rods 29, it will be understood that the links 21 are swung on their pivots 2O upwardly or downwardly, which operation carries with said links, the screws 26 as well as the body 6, it being apparent that thescrews 26 form pivots for the members 28 operated in the forked ends of the links 21.

It will also be understood, from a consideration of Fig. 5 of the drawing, that the channel may be employed for widening a groove previously formed in a workpiece. In

said figure, I have indicated the partial formation of a groove twice the width of the original groove, but any variations in width may be made, as will be apparent. In said figure, it represents the original groove in the workpiece, and 00 represents the new cut or widening of the groove. The supplemental body 6 is preferably lowered a slight extent and operates in the groove .93 to guide the main body 5 and the tool 7 supported therein over the work in cutting the enlargement 00 After the portion :0 has been partially formed, the guide body 6 may be raised in order to permit the main body 5 and the tool therein to cut the complete depth as will be understood.

It will be understood that while I have shown and described certain details of construction for carrying my invention into effect, that I am not necessarily limited to these details, and various changes in and modifications of the construction herein shown and described may be made within the scope of the appended claims, without-departing from the spirit of my invention or sacrificing its advantages.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A plane of the class described comprising a mainbody and a supplemental body movable relatively to the main body, means for moving said supplemental body into predetermined positions with relation to the main body and for retaining the same in such positions, and means for moving the lower bearing face of the supplemental body relatively to the bearing face of the main body, said bodies having members adapted to intermesh one with the other to form of both of said bodies, a continuous bearing face of the same transverse dimensions throughout its length.

2. A plane of the class described comprising an elongated plane, stock or body, having a comparatively narrow bearing face, a supplemental body mounted at one side of the main body and having a bearing face of similar cross sectional form to that of the main body and adapted to intermesh with the main body to form a continuous bearing face for said plane of the same dimensions throughout its length.

3. A plane of the class described compris ing an elongated plane, stock or body, having a comparatively narrow bearing face, a supplemental body mounted at one side of the main body and having a bearing face of similar cross sectional form to that of the main body and adapted to inter-mesh with the main body to form a continuous bearing face for said plane, said supplemental body being adjustable into predetermined spaced and parallel relation with reference to the main body to form thereof, a guide member, said means for adjusting said supplemental body comprising spaced, threaded rods on the supplemental body and freely movable through the main body, members on the main body and cooperating with said threaded rods for retaining the same against movement, nuts in threaded engagement with said rods for controlling and regulatin the adjustment of the supplementad frame, and said members cooperating with said rods to move the same and said supplemental body vertically to bring the lower face of the supplemental body into predetermined position with relation to the lower face of the main body.

l. A plane of the class described, the hearing face of the main stock or body of which is divided forwardly and rearwardly of the blade receiving portion of the plane into a plurality of spaced bearing members with recesses therebetween. a

5. In a plane of the class described, the bearing face of the main stock or body of which is divided forwardly and rearwardly of the blade receiving portion of the plane into a plurality of spaced bearing members with recesses therebetween, and a supplemental body having spaced bearing members adapted to enter "the recesses in the bearing face of the main body and positioned in common alinement with said first named members, and the transverse dimensions of which correspond with the transverse dimensions of the first named bearing members.

6. In a plane of the class described, the bearing face of the main stock or body of which is divided into a plurality of spaced bearing members with recesses therebetween, a supplemental body having spaced bearing members adapted to enter the recesses in the bearing face of the main body and positioned in common alinement with said first named members, and means involving levers for raising and lowering the supplemental body with relation to the main body.

7. A plane of the class described comprising an elongated plane, stock or body, having a comparatively narrow bearing face, a supplemental body mounted at one side of the main body and having a bearing face of similar cross sectional form to that of the main body and adapted to interinesh with the main body to form a continuous bearing face for said plane, said supplemental body being adjustable into predetermined spaced and parallel relation with reference to the main body to form thereof, a guide member, said means for adjusting said supplemental body comprising space: threaded rods on the supplemental body and freely movable through the main body, members on the main body and cooperating with said threaded rods for retaining the same against movement, nuts in threaded engagement with said rods for controlling and regulating the adjustment of the supplemental frame, said members cooperating with said rods to move the same and said supplen'iental body vertically to bring the lower face of the supplemental body into predetermined position with relation to the lower face of the main body, a depth gage adjustably supported on one side of the main body, means for retaining the main and supplemental bodies in spaced relation, and means cooperating with said rods for indicating the width of the bearing face of the main body.

8. In a plane of the class described comprising a stool; or body, a rod adj ustably arranged vertically in the stool; or body forwardly of the blade supporting portion thereof, the lower end portion of said rod being tubular in form, and the end of said tool being split longitudinally of the plane body and beveled, to form oppositely disposed spurs.

9. A plane of the class described comprising an elongated plane stool: or body having a comparatively narrow bearing face, a supplemental body adjustably mounted in connection with one side of the main body and having a bearing face of similar cross sectional form to that of the main body and adapted to intermesh with the main body to form a continuous bearing face of the same dimensions throughout its length, and means for adjusting the supplemental body laterally with respect to the main body to slightly or materially widen the bearing face of the plane in the cutting of grooves or recesses in a workpiece.

10. A plane of the class described comprising an elongated plane stock or body having a comparatively narrow bearing face, a supplen'iental body adjustably mounted in connection with one side of the main body and having a bearing face or similar cross sectional form to that of the main body and adapted to intermesh vith the main body to form a continuous bearing face of the same dimensions throughout its length, means for adjusting the supplementalbody laterally with respect to the main body to slightly or materially widen the bearing face of the plane in the cutting of grooves or re esses in a workpiece, and means for moving the supplemental body vertically with respect to the main body.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention 1 have signed my name this 18th day of December, 1926.

WILLIAM ro'rrnnf 

